| 1790 |
合衆国憲法制定(1787)。著作権の保護期間を14年間(更新により最長28年間)と定める。 |
| 1859 |
Mildred J. Hill(姉)生。 後に幼稚園教師から作曲家、音楽研究者へ。 |
| 1868 |
Patty Smith Hill(妹)生。 後に幼稚園教師から教育者、教育学者へ。 |
| 1893 |
姉Mildred、幼稚園児のために"Good Morning to All"を作曲。 妹Pattyが作詞を手がける。歌詞は次の通り。 Good morning to you, |
| 1916 | 姉Mildred J. Hill死去。享年57。 |
|
この間、Happy Birthday to Youの歌詞が生まれ広く普及するが作詞者は諸説あり未詳。 1924年出版された本には既にHappy Birthday to Youが見られる。 |
|
| 193x |
ブロードウェイミュージカルなどでHappy Birthday to Youが使われる。
|
| 1934 |
Hill姉妹の三人目Jessica、Good Morning to Allのメロディの無断使用に対して訴訟を起こし勝訴。
|
| 1935 |
Jessica、音楽出版社Clayton F Summy CompanyとともにHappy Birthdayを出版、著作権を確保。 この時点での著作権保護期間は28年または更新により最長56年間。 Happy Birthdayの著作権消滅は最長でも1991年のはずだった。 |
| 193X |
John F. SengstackがClayton F. Summy Companyを買収。後に社名をBirch Tree Ltdに変更。
|
| 1946 |
妹Patty Smith Hill死去。享年78。
|
| 1961 |
Lawrence Lessig生
|
| 1962- | この年から1974年まで暫定法として９回に渡り著作権期間が延長される。 |
| 1976 |
米下院、著作権期間延長を決議(75年間)。
同時にHappy Birthdayの著作権消滅は2010年へ。 |
| 1983 | Lawrence Lessig、経済学、経営学を修めペンシルヴァニア大学を卒業。 |
| 1986 | 英国ケンブリッジ大学トリニティ・カレッジで哲学修士。シカゴ大学ロースクール入学。 |
| 1987 | ガールフレンドを追ってエール大学ロースクールへ編入。 |
| 1988 |
Warner Chappell社、Birch Tree Ltdを二千五百万ドルで買収。 米国、ベルヌ条約に調印。著作権の登録制廃止(著作権局への登録制度はあるが、権利発生には手続き不要)。 |
| 1989 | エール大学ロースクール修了。法学博士。 |
| 1998 |
米下院、ソニー・ボノ著作権期間延長法を可決(75>95年)。 Happy Birthdayの著作権消滅は2030年へ。 |
| 1999 |
エリック・エルドレッド他、ソニー・ボノ著作権期間延長法に対し違憲訴訟を提起。 レッシグ、弁護人に就任。裁判は控訴審、最高裁へ。 |
| 2001 |
合併により、Happy Birthdayの著作権は巨大メディアグループAOL/タイムワーナーのものとなる。
|
| 2003 |
|
| 01/15 | 連邦最高裁、エルドレッド側の訴えを却下。 |
| 01/18 | レッシグ、エリック・エルドレッド法案(Public Domain Enhancement Act)を発表。 |
| 06/03 |
ローレンス・レッシグ、42回目の誕生日を迎える。 Happy Birthday to You, Professor Lessig. |
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